What are the different types of automobile engine water pumps and their respective characteristics?

1. Centrifugal water pump
Structural features: It includes a rotor and a housing, and the liquid is sent out by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor.
Working principle: This automobile engine water pump is usually driven by a motor, and the coolant in the water pump is driven by the impeller to rotate together. Under the action of centrifugal force, the coolant is thrown to the edge of the water pump housing, and a certain pressure is generated at the same time, and then flows out from the water outlet or water pipe. In the center of the impeller, the coolant is thrown out and the pressure drops. The coolant in the water tank is sucked into the impeller through the water pipe under the pressure difference between the water pump inlet and the impeller center, realizing the reciprocating circulation of the coolant.
Application scenario: Applicable to the circulating cooling system of most automobile engines.

2. Gear water pump
Structural features: It consists of two meshing gears, one gear is driven by a motor.
Working principle: Liquid is sucked in and sent out by the rotation of the gear.
Application scenario: Commonly used in diesel engine cooling systems and some special cooling systems.

3. Screw water pump
Structural features: composed of one or more screws.
Working principle: The liquid is transported from the suction port to the discharge port through the rotation of the screw.
Application scenarios: Mainly used in high-pressure and high-temperature working environments, such as diesel engine cooling systems, turbocharger lubrication systems, etc.

4. Electric water pump
Structural features: Driven by an electric motor, often using a centrifugal structure.
Working principle: Electric energy drives the water pump to work and improve cooling efficiency.
Application scenarios: Used in electric vehicle cooling systems and some high-tech fuel vehicles. Electric water pumps can flexibly change the cooling intensity through computer-controlled current.

5. Accessory-driven automotive water pump
Structural features: Driven by engine accessories, usually rotating synchronously with the engine crankshaft.
Application scenarios: Mostly seen in the cooling system of traditional fuel vehicles.

6. Mechanical water pump
Structural features: Generally driven directly by the crankshaft or driven by the crankshaft through a belt.
Working principle: Its cooling intensity is proportional to the engine speed. The cooling intensity is high at high speed, but may not be enough at low speed and high load.
Application scenario: It is often seen in some old models or engines of specific designs.